COATINGS BASED ON CORN STARCH, GELATIN, AND CINNAMON ESSENTIAL OIL FOR POSTHARVEST PRESERVATION OF STRAWBERRIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v14i2.20405Palabras clave:
edible coatings, corn starch, cinnamon essential oil, gelatin, Albion strawberry, post-harvest preservationResumen
The strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch., cv. Albion) is a fruit of high nutritional and commercial value, whose post-harvest shelf life is limited by its non-climacteric nature. This study aimed to develop an edible coating based on corn starch (Zea mays L.), gelatin, and cinnamon essential oil (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) to prolong the shelf life of refrigerated strawberries. Commercial corn starches, avocado seed (Persea americana cv. Fuerte), and banana (Musa AAA cv. Cavendish) were evaluated, with corn starch being highlighted for its greater swelling capacity at temperatures below 60 °C, although it exhibited lower solubility. Cinnamon essential oil, obtained by distillation, yielded 1.56% and had a density of 1.048 g mL-1. Using a 32-response surface design, the concentrations of gelatin (2, 3.5, 5 % w/v) and essential oil (0.3, 0.4, 0.5 % w/v) were optimized, determining that the combination of 2 % gelatin and 0.5 % essential oil significantly reduced the weight loss of strawberries (p ≤ 0.05). The adjusted model explained 96.05% of the variability (R2 = 97.09). Under these conditions, a 14.7% reduction in weight loss was achieved, and quality parameters were better preserved for 15 days at 2 °C and 50% humidity, demonstrating the effectiveness of the coating as a sustainable conservation strategy.
Keywords: edible coatings; corn starch; cinnamon essential oil; gelatin; Albion strawberry; post-harvest preservation.
Referencias
AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, 18th ed.; AOAC: Rockville, MD, USA, 2005.
BARRAZUETA-ROJAS, S.; FALCONÍ, J.; OJEDA, M. N. N.; OLEAS-LÓPEZ, J. M.; MENDOZA-ZURITA, G. X. Physicochemical properties and application of edible coatings in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) preservation. Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín, v. 71, n. 3, p. 8631-8641, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v71n3.73548
BASILIO-CORTÉS, U. A.; GONZÁLEZ-CRUZ, L.; VELAZQUEZ, G.; TENIENTE-MARTÍNEZ, G.; GÓMEZ-ALDAPA, C. A.; CASTRO-ROSAS, J.; BERNARDINO-NICANOR, A. Effect of dual modification on the spectroscopic, calorimetric, viscosimetric and morphological characteristics of corn starch. Polymers, v. 11, n. 2, e333, 2019. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11020333
BLACK-SOLIS, J.; VENTURA-AGUILAR, R. I.; BARRERA-NECHA, L. L.; BAUTISTA-BANOS, S. Caracterización química, variabilidad composicional y modelamiento matemático del efecto de aceites esenciales en Alternaria alternata. Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, vol. 35, n. 2, p. 204-226, 2017. https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.1612-5
BUILDERS, P. F.; NNURUM, A.; MBAH, C. C.; ATTAMA, A. A.; MANEK, R. The physicochemical and binder properties of starch from Persea americana Miller (Lauraceae). Starch/Stärke, n. 62, p. 309-320, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1002/star.200900222
CANTÓ, A.; BLÁZQUEZ, A. Standardization of commercial cinnamon essential oils by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Nereis, no. 9, 13-24, 2017. https://revistas.ucv.es/nereis/index.php/Nereis/article/view/86/71
CEDEÑO, L. A.; CASARIEGO, A.; GARCÍA, M. A.; JUMBO-PEÑA, N. D.; MACHUCA, J. V. Coating of oxidized banana starch and olive oil for the preservation of cherry tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Cerasiforme). Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín, v. 77, n. 3, p. 10853-10864, 2024. https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v77n3.109200
CEDEÑO-SARES, L. A.; ROMERO, M. Y.; QUEZADA, T. N.; GUAMÁN, N. M.; PRECIADO, M. R. Efecto de gelatina y aceite esencial de mandarina en películas de almidón de maíz. Ciencia UNEMI, v. 16, n. 42, p. 35-44, 2023. https://doi.org/10.29076/issn.2528-7737vol16iss42.2023pp35-44p
CHEL-GUERRERO, L.; BARBOSA-MARTÍN, E.; MARTÍNEZ-ANTONIO, A.; GONZÁLEZ-MONDRAGÓN, E.; BETANCUR-ANCONA, D. Some physicochemical and rheological properties of starch isolated from avocado seeds. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, v. 86, p. 302-308, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.052
CONTRERAS-PÉREZ, R. K.; TORRE-GUTIÉRREZ, L. D. LA; GONZÁLEZ-CORTÉS, N.; JIMÉNEZ-VERA, R. Caracterización funcional de almidones de plátano cuadrado (Musa balbisiana Colla). European Scientific Journal, v. 14, n. 30, e82, 2018. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n30p82
DHULL, S. B.; MALIK, T.; KAUR, R.; KUMAR, P.; KAUSHAL, N.; SINGH, A. Banana starch: Properties, illustration and food applications - A review. Starch‐Stärke, v. 73, n. 1-2, e2000085, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1002/star.202000085
DÍAZ, R.; CASARIEGO, A.; RODRÍGUEZ, J.; MARTÍNEZ, A. L.; GARCÍA, M. A. Coberturas de quitosana como método de envasado activo en vegetales enteros y cortados. Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, v. 20, n. 2, p. 31-36, 2010.
DÍAZ-GALINDO, E. P.; NESIC, A.; BAUTISTA-BAÑOS, S.; GARCÍA, O. D.; CABRERA-BARJAS, G. Corn-starch-based materials incorporated with cinnamon oil emulsion: Physico-chemical characterization and biological activity. Foods, v. 9, n. 4, e475, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9040475
ECHEVERRÍA, P. S.; PORTA, L. C. Actividad antifúngica del aceite esencial de la corteza de Cinnamomum aromaticum “canela cassia” frente a Candida albicans ATCC 10231, in vitro. Thesis [Pharmaceutical Chemist] - Universidad Privada de Huancayo Franklin Roosevelt, Perú, 2021. Available at: https://repositorio.uroosevelt.edu.pe/handle/20.500.14140/307
ESPARVARINI, Z.; BAZARGANI-GILANI, B.; PAJOHI-ALAMOTI, M.; NOURIAN, A. Gelatin‐starch composite coating containing cucumber peel extract and cumin essential oil: Shelf life improvement of a cheese model. Food Science & Nutrition, v. 10, n. 3, p. 964-978, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.2730
FAKHOURI, F. M.; MARTELLI, S. M.; CAON, T.; VELASCO, J. I.; MEI, L. H. I. Edible films and coatings based on starch/gelatin: Film properties and effect of coatings on quality of refrigerated Red Crimson grapes. Postharvest Biology and Technology, v. 109, p. 57-64, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.05.015
FERNÁNDEZ, F.; QUIÑONES, L.; OJEDA, T. S.; ALFARO, D. DEL P.; YALTA, R. J.; CABREJOS, E. M.; HUAMÁN, A. Rendimiento de extracción por hidrodestilación del aceite esencial de Piper aduncum L. (matico) mediante un modelo cinético. Revista Científica Dékamu Agropec, v. 5, n. 1, p. 33-44, 2024. https://doi.org/10.55996/dekamuagropec.v5i1.208
FIERASCU, R. C.; TEMOCICO, G.; FIERASCU, I.; ORTAN, A.; BABEANU, N. E. Fragaria genus: Chemical composition and biological activities. Molecules, v. 25, n. 3, e498, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030498
GARCÍA, L. C.; PEREIRA, L. M.; SARANTÓPOULOS, C. I. G. de L.; HUBINGER, M. D. Effect of antimicrobial starch edible coating on shelf‐life of fresh strawberries. Packaging Technology and Science, v. 25, n. 7, p. 413-425, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1002/pts.987
GINTING, M. H. S.; TARIGAN, M. F. R.; SINGGIH, A. M. Effect of gelatinization temperature and chitosan on mechanical properties of bioplastics from avocado seed starch (Persea americana Mill.) with plasticizer glycerol. The International Journal of Engineering and Science, v. 4, n. 12, p. 36-43, 2015. Available at: https://www.theijes.com/papers/v4-i12/Version-2/F041202036043.pdf
GÓMEZ-CONTRERAS, P.; FIGUEROA-LOPEZ, K. J.; HERNÁNDEZ-FERNÁNDEZ, J.; RODRÍGUES, M. C.; ORTEGA-TORO, R. Effect of different essential oils on the properties of edible coatings based on yam (Dioscorea rotundata L.) starch and its application in strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.) preservation. Applied Sciences, v. 11, n. 22, e11057, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112211057
GONGORA, I. G.; DUNOYER, A. T.; MARTINEZ, S. E. Q.; ZAPATEIRO, L. A. G. Physicochemical and Technological Properties of the Starch from Corn (Zea mays) Variety P-7928. Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science; v. 13, n. 1, p. 508-515, 2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CRNFSJ.13.1.35
HERNÁNDEZ-MEDINA, M.; TORRUCO-UCO, J. G.; CHEL-GUERRERO, L.; BETANCOURT-ANCONA, D. Caracterización fisicoquímica de almidones de tubérculos cultivados en Yucatán, México. Food Science and Technology, v. 28, p. 718-726, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-20612008000300031
HERNÁNDEZ-MUÑOZ, P.; ALMENAR, E.; VALLE, V. D.; VELEZ, D.; GAVARA, R. Effect of chitosan coating combined with postharvest calcium treatment on strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa) quality during refrigerated storage. Food Chemistry, v. 110, n. 2, p. 428-435, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.02.020
JIMÉNEZ, R.; SANDOVAL-FLORES, G.; ALVARADO-REYNA, S.; ALEMÁN-CASTILLO, S.; SANTIAGO-ADAME, R.; VELÁZQUEZ, G. Extraction of starch from Hass avocado seeds for the preparation of biofilms. Food Science and Technology, 42, e56820, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.56820
KAHRAMANOĞLU, İ.; BAHADIRLI, N. P.; OKATAN, V.; WAN, C. Impacts of edible coatings enriched with laurel essential oil on the storage life of strawberry ‘Camarosa’ fruits. Bragantia, v. 81, e1922, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20210221
KHODAEI, D.; HAMIDI, Z.; RAHMATI, E. Effect of edible coatings on the shelf-life of fresh strawberries: A comparative study using TOPSIS-Shannon entropy method. NFS Journal, v. 23, p. 17-23, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nfs.2021.02.003
KOWALSKI, R. L.; SCHNEIDER, V. S.; MORETTO, J.; GOMES, L. F. S. Produção de etanol de Segunda Geração a partir de caroço de abacate (Persea americana Mill). Revista Brasileira de Energias Renováveis, v. 6, n. 4, p. 665-677, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5380/rber.v6i4.49073
LUCIANO, C. G.; CAICEDO, W. D.; VALENCIA, G. A. Starch-Based Coatings for Food Preservation: A Review. Starch/Stärke, n. 74, 2100279, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1002/star.202100279
MARTINS, S. H. F.; PONTES, K. V.; FIALHO, R. L.; FAKHOURI, F. M. Extraction and characterization of the starch present in the avocado seed (Persea americana Mill.) for future applications. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, v. 8, 100303, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2022.100303
MEDINA, E. Diseño y evaluación de recubrimientos en base a proteínas de quínoa y quitosano que contienen agentes naturales nanoparticulados para su aplicación en frutillas. Thesis (PhD in Nutrition and Food) - Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 2017. https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/165752
MONTOYA-LÓPEZ, J.; QUINTERO-CASTAÑO, V. D.; LUCAS-AGUIRRE, J. C. Caracterización de harina y almidón de frutos de banano Gros Michel (Musa acuminata AAA). Acta Agronómica, v. 64, n. 1, p. 11-21, 2015. https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v64n1.38814
NASCIMENTO, A. P. S.; DUARTE, M. E. M.; ROCHA, A. P. T.; BARROS, A. N. Valorization of Avocado (Persea americana) Peel and Seed: Functional Potential for Food and Health Applications. Antioxidants, v. 14, n. 9, 1032, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14091032
NTE INEN 2801. Banano (Plátano). Instituto Ecuatoriano de Normalización. Ecuador, 2013.
NWAKEGO, A.-O. H.; OPEYEMI, J. O.; OLUFEMI, A. O.; DAVID, O. T. Physicochemical, functional, pasting properties and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of native and modified Cardaba banana (Musa ABB) starches. Food Chemistry Advances, v. 1, e100076, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.focha.2022.100076
OLATUNDE, G. O.; AROGUNDADE, L. K.; ORIJA, O. I. Chemical, functional and pasting properties of banana and plantain starches modified by pre-gelatinization, oxidation and acetylation. Cogent Food & Agriculture, v. 3, n. 1, e1283079, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2017.1283079
PASCOAL, A. M.; DI-MEDEIROS, M. C.; BATISTA, K. A.; LELES, M. I.; LIÃO, L. M.; FERNANDES, K. F. Extraction and chemical characterization of starch from S. lycocarpum fruits. Carbohydrate Polymers, v. 98, n. 2, p. 1304-1310, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.08.009
PAYE, Y. C.; HUANCA, O. R. T.; SOSSA, B. M. Q. Recubrimiento de la frutilla (Fragaria sp.) a base de proteína comestible en estado de poscosecha. Cibum Scientia, v. 1, n. 2, p. 105-113, 2022. https://doi.org/10.53287/exub8510tk71g
SAPPER, M.; CHIRALT, A. Starch-based coatings for preservation of fruits and vegetables. Coatings, v. 8, n. 5, e152, 2018. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings8050152
SONTAKKE, M. D.; SYED, H. M.; SALVE, R. V.; SHINDE, E. M. Studies on antioxidant activity and characterization of essential oil extracted from Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark. The Pharma Innovation Journal, v. 8, n. 3, p. 137-140, 2019. https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2019/vol8issue3/PartC/8-2-150-507.pdf
TARAHI, M.; SHAHIDI, F.; HEDAYATI, S. Physicochemical, pasting, and thermal properties of native corn starch-mung bean protein isolate composites. Gels, v. 8, n. 11, e693, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8110693
UTRILLA-COELLO, R. G.; RODRÍGUEZ-HUEZO, M. E.; CARRILLO-NAVAS, H.; HERNÁNDEZ-JAIMES, C.; VERNON-CARTER, E. J.; ALVAREZ-RAMIREZ, J. In vitro digestibility, physicochemical, thermal and rheological properties of banana starches. Carbohydrate Polymers, v. 101, n. 1, p. 154-162, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.09.019
VARGAS, G.; MARTÍNEZ, P.; VELEZMORO, C. Propiedades funcionales de almidón de papa (Solanum tuberosum) y su modificación química por acetilación. Scientia Agropecuaria, v. 7, n. 3, p. 223-230, 2016.
WANG, B.; GAO, W.; KANG, X.; DONG, Y.; LIU, P.; YAN, S.; YU, B.; GUO, L.; CUI, B.; ABD EL-ATY, A. M. Structural changes in corn starch granules treated at different temperatures. Food Hydrocolloids, v. 118, e106760, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106760
WANG, J.; LI, Y.; JIN, Z.; CHENG, Y. Physicochemical, Morphological, and Functional Properties of Starches Isolated from Avocado Seeds, a Potential Source for Resistant Starch. Biomolecules, v. 12, n. 8, 1121, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12081121
WANG, Y.; LI, R.; LU, R.; XU, J.; HU, K.; LIU, Y. Preparation of chitosan/corn starch/cinnamaldehyde films for strawberry preservation. Foods, v. 8, n. 9, e423, 2019. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8090423
WOLTERS, M. G. E.; VERBEEK, C.; VAN WESTEROP, J. J. M.; HERMUS, R. J. J.; VORAGEN, A. G. J. Comparison of Different Methods for Determination of Dietary Fiber, Journal of AOAC International, v. 75, n. 4, p. 626-634, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/75.4.626
ZAVALETA, M.; ECHEVERRÍA, C.; LEÓN, J.; LESCANO, L.; SÁNCHEZ, J.; ROJAS, M. Coverage of chitosan and essential cinnamon oil for strawberry conservation (Fragaria ananassa var. Aroma), minimally processed. In: LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education and Technology, Proceedings… 2020. Buenos Aires, e470, 8p. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/11537/26853
ZHANG, R.; MA, S.; LI, L.; ZHANG, M.; TIAN, S.; WANG, D.; LIU, K.; LIU, H.; ZHU, W.; WANG, X. Comprehensive utilization of corn starch processing by-products: A review. Grain & Oil Science and Technology, v. 4, n. 3, p. 89-107, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaost.2021.08.003
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Cómo citar
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Nativa
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
Los derechos de autor de los artículos publicados en esta revista pertenecen al autor, con los derechos de primera publicación de la revista. En virtud de aparecer en esta revista de acceso público, los artículos son de libre uso, con sus propias atribuciones, en aplicaciones educativas y no comerciales.
Los artículos publicados en esta revista pueden ser reproducidos parcialmente o utilizados como referencia por otros autores, siempre que se mencione la fuente, es decir, Revista Nativa.
